Common voice codecs include G.711 and G.729. This is made possible by the use of Codecs (Coder-Decoder). On the other end, it is converted back from the digital form to analog. You don’t want to send a voice packet and wait for the receiver to first acknowledge.Īnother important part of a VoIP implementation is how the speaker’s voice is converted to a digital signal, compressed, and transmitted over the network. Note: It makes sense to use UDP instead of TCP to carry voice packets because of speed. The most famous protocol used for this function is the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) which runs over UDP. When the call has been set up, a different set of protocols are then used to carry the actual voice data between the caller and receiver. There are several well-known call signaling protocols like Session Initiation Protocol ( SIP) and H.323. Another example if you wish is how the bike riders in a president’s motorcade clear the way for the president’s car but do not actually carry the president on their bikes. You can think of this as something similar to the TCP three-way handshake. Carrying the actual voice traffic back and forth between the caller and the receiver.Ĭall signaling basically means establishing the connection between the caller and the receiver.So how does VoIP work? In VoIP, there are two main parts that need to be solved: Note: Even I never considered these apps as offering VoIP capability so no judgment. How else will you classify the call feature in WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Skype, Telegram, etc.? Of course these apps do more than just VoIP, but their call features fall squarely under the VoIP category. While many network engineers are familiar with VoIP on internal networks, they have not given much thought to the fact that VoIP is also used outside internal networks – the Internet being the most common example. So instead of buying traditional phone systems, companies now buy IP phones which can be connected to the network either via Wi-Fi or using a LAN (RJ-45) cable. Voice over IP) because voice (and other forms of multimedia) can now be delivered over an IP packet switched network. This has brought about the term “VoIP” (i.e. For example, instead of the old way of laying phone cables to create a dedicated voice network inside an organization, the networks of today are now built to carry all kinds of traffic including data and voice. If you have been in the Networking industry for even a little while, then you have probably heard about networks that support both data and voice traffic.
In this article, we are going to discuss how apps like WhatsApp, Skype, and Facebook Messenger that allow you to make voice calls over an (Internet) data connection work, the challenges that such apps face, and how some of those challenges are overcome. Nevertheless, the lines are increasingly getting blurred as so many clients even reach out to me via WhatsApp. Side talk: I still find it weird making professional/formal calls using WhatsApp because I consider it a Social app. For those who may not be familiar with this app, it is basically a messaging and voice app like Skype or Facebook Messenger except that all you need to connect is your mobile phone number (no username or email address required). With WhatsApp installed on my smartphone and over 1.5 billion people using it monthly around the world, I did not have a problem reaching people as long as I was connected to the Internet (via Wi-Fi). In the not so distant past, I did not necessarily have a choice apart from roaming or just not receiving/making calls when on holiday.
Roaming rates are ridiculously expensive and in my case, up to 15 times the normal rate I pay for calls when at home! However, I had no intention of doing that. Due to roaming and partnerships between mobile network operators in different countries, I had the option of making and receiving voip calls using my home phone number without having to buy a new SIM card in the destination country. Of course, this means I had long left the reach of my mobile network operator. I went on holiday recently and visited another country 3000 miles from mine.
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